Injury Illness Prevention Program

The purpose of the Injury Illness Prevention Program (IIPP) Manual is to define Cal Maritime's environmental health and safety requirements, expectations, and responsibilities in order to achieve effective campus safety performance through Integrated Safety Management (ISM).

This Manual is intended to comply with the requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an effective written Injury and Illness Prevention Program are contained in Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, Section 3203 (T8 CCR 3203) and consist of the following eight elements:

• Responsibility
• Compliance
• Communication
• Hazard Assessment
• Accident Exposure Investigation
• Hazard Correction
• Training
• Recordkeeping

This Manual applies to all Cal Maritime operations, maintenance and construction activities under the supervision of Cal Maritime Project Managers, performed through subcontractors (referred to as "subcontractors") and to all Cal Maritime project related activities that are self-performed.

It is the policy of the Cal Maritime to maintain a safe and healthy work environment for each employee (including student and contract employees), and to comply with all applicable occupational health and safety regulations. This Injury and Illness Prevention Program (IIPP) is intended to establish a framework for identifying and correcting workplace hazards within the department, while addressing legal requirements for a formal, written IIPP.

To assist Cal Maritime in providing a safe, compliant, environmentally sound, and more sustainable operation, each department or operational unit is expected to review, understand, and follow the guidance provided in the Injury Illness Prevention Program components and the and the function of the integrated campus safety management system (ICSMS) as related to operations under their control.

In a proactive behavior based environmental health and safety model that entire campus community participation reflects a process that embraces the ability to;

• Eliminate adverse conditions which may result in injury or illness,
• Recommend the establishment of programs to raise safety consciousness in the community, and
• Achieve and maintain a beneficial relationship through continuing communication on issues relating to environmental health and occupational safety.

Employees (Including Student workers)

It is the responsibility of all faculty and staff to proactively participate and subsequently comply with all applicable health and safety regulations, Cal Maritime policies, and established safe work practices. This includes, but is not limited to:

• Observing health and safety-related signs, posters, warning signals and directions.
• Learning about the potential hazards of assigned tasks and work areas.
• Taking part in appropriate health and safety training.
• Following all safe operating procedures and precautions.
• Participating in workplace safety inspections
• Using proper personal protective equipment.
• Inform coworkers and supervisors of defective equipment and other workplace hazards without fear of reprisal.
• Reviewing the building emergency plan and assembly area.
• Reporting unsafe conditions immediately to a supervisor, and stopping work if an imminent hazard is presented.

Department of Safety and Risk Management (SRM)

The Director of Safety and Risk Management (SRM), as delegated by the University President, is responsible for the implementation and administrative management for Cal Maritime's Injury Illness Prevention Program (IIPP) that meets the requirements of California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 8, section 3203) as well as other applicable California and Federal Occupational Safety and Health (Cal-OSHA) requirements.

Further responsibilities are outlined below:

• Provide advice and guidance to all university personnel concerning IIPP compliance requirements;
• Provide centralized monitoring of campus activities related to implementation of campus IIPP;
• Ensure scheduled periodic safety inspections are performed in compliance with regulatory requirements and assist management staff in identifying unsafe or unhealthful conditions;
• Ensure safety and health training programs comply with regulatory requirements and university policy;
• Oversee the maintenance of safety and health records consistent with the requirements of this document and regulatory mandates;
• Ensure program audits, both scheduled and as required by a process, equipment or personnel change, or by a safety program mandate, are performed;
• Interpret existing or pending safety and health legislation and recommend appropriate compliance strategies to university personnel;
• Maintain centralized environmental and employee monitoring records, allowing employee access as directed by law.
• Conduct at least an annual review of this document and make the current revision available on the SRM web site.

Deans, Directors, Department or Operating Unit Management

Campus Department or Operating Unit Head leadership have an integral campus role and shall have a thorough understanding of Injury Illness Prevention Program components and the function of the integrated campus safety management system (ICSMS) as related to operations under their control.

• The Department Head has primary authority and responsibility to ensure the health and safety of the department's faculty, staff and students through the implementation of the Injury Illness Prevention Program components. This is accomplished by communicating the Cal Maritime's campus emphasis on health and safety, analyzing work procedures for hazard identification and correction, ensuring regular workplace inspections, providing health and safety training, and encouraging prompt employee reporting of health and safety concerns without fear of reprisal.
• Specific areas include employee and student (both student employees and students in academic programs) education and training, identification and correction of unsafe conditions, and record keeping.  It is recognized that a substantial amount of responsibility falls at this level.
• Colleges and Departments are encouraged to designate an individual as the College or department safety coordinator, to assist with specific operational environmental health and safety process management components.

Supervisors and Principal Investigators

Supervisors play a key role in the implementation of the Cal Maritime's Injury Illness Prevention Program components. Supervisors may be Management, Senior Research Associates, Department Chairs, Principal Investigators, or others who oversee a project and/or staff. They are responsible for but not limited to:

• Communicating to their staff and students about Cal Maritime campus's emphasis on health and safety.
• Ensuring periodic, documented inspection of workspaces under their authority.
• Promptly correcting identified hazards.
• Modeling and enforcing safe and healthful work practices.
• Providing appropriate safety training and personal protective equipment.
• Implementing measures to eliminate or control workplace hazards.
• Stopping any employee's work that poses an imminent hazard to either the employee or any other individual.
• Encouraging employees to report health and safety issues without fear of reprisal.

Academic Programming Faculty and Advisors

It is the responsibility of Faculty, Academic Programming Advisors other Cal Maritime related activities and student clubs to:

• Develop procedures to ensure effective compliance and support of the Injury and Illness Prevention Program components as it relates to operations under their control. Specific areas of responsibility include student education and training, identification and correction of unsafe conditions, and incident reporting.
• Develop and maintain written classroom, laboratory, and activity procedures which conform to regulatory, campus and departmental guidelines.
• Instruct students in the recognition, avoidance, and response to unsafe conditions, including hazards associated with non-routine tasks and emergency operations
• Permit only those persons qualified by education and training to operate potentially hazardous equipment or use hazardous materials, unless under close supervision.
• Supervise students in the performance of activities.

Students- Cadets

Students are expected to always adhere to safety practices presented by faculty, technical staff, student assistants, graduate assistants or other authorized individuals.  They must also report potentially hazardous conditions that become known to them. These reports should be made to their supervisors, faculty advisers, Department of Safety and Risk Management, or other responsible parties.

All employees shall adhere to safe and healthy work practices defined by law and by established campus and departmental safety and health guidelines.  Failure to do so may result in the initiation of disciplinary measures defined in the campus Employee Handbook or by collective bargaining agreements, as appropriate.

The University recognizes the importance of recognition for employees who exemplify good safety practices.  The University participates in the annual Governor's Safety Award Program through the CSU-Systemwide Risk Management Office.

Health and Safety Inspections

A health and safety inspection program is essential in order to reduce unsafe campus conditions which may expose faculty, staff, students and visitors to incidents that could result in injury to individuals or damage to property.

Potential occupational safety and health problems may exist within any workplace on campus. Therefore, the entire campus is subject to periodic inspection and review. Those areas with the greatest potential for problems will be inspected with greater frequency. Every workplace shall be inspected on a regular basis. Those areas with potentially greater hazards will be inspected more frequently as necessary by request or through risk assessments.

It is the responsibility of each department to ensure that a regular and systematic inspection process is scheduled and performed for all departmental areas. The inspections may be conducted by departmental members, members of the Campus Wide Health and Safety Committee, and/or the Safety & Risk Management (SRM) office.

The frequency of workplace inspections is left up to the departments' discretion.  Safety & Risk Management (SRM) office recommends that all areas be inspected at least on a quarterly basis. Those departments engaged in hazardous operations are encouraged to conduct more frequent inspections.

Environmental Health and Safety inspections may be requested by contacting the SRM office at 707 654-1135.

The Safety & Risk Management (SRM) office may conduct periodic inspections of work areas on campus and provide consultative assistance in abatement efforts should deficiencies be found.

Unscheduled Workplace Inspections

• Departments should conduct an inspection whenever new substances, processes, procedures or equipment, which represent a new occupational safety and health hazard, are introduced.
• Departments should conduct an inspection whenever notification of a new or previously unrecognized hazard is received.
• The Department of Safety & Risk management may conduct periodic unscheduled inspections of selected workplaces to help ensure the maintenance of a safe and healthful workplace.
• The Department of Safety & Risk management, in conjunction with departmental representatives, will conduct a health and safety inspection in the event of an occupational injury, occupational illness, or exposure to hazardous substances as defined by Cal/OSHA.

Several methods of communicating with employees on matters relating to health and safety have been established. Managers and supervisors are responsible for communicating with all employees and students about health and safety issues related to their department operations and any campus wide conditions and will encourage the report any unsafe or unhealthful conditions they discover without fear of reprisal.

Environmental Health and Safety Steering Committee

University participation in the Environmental Health and Safety Steering Committee is a key element in maintaining an effective campus wide culture and helps drive key initiatives and drives resolution to related problems. 

The Department of Safety and Risk Management is responsible for the formation of the Cal Maritime Campus EH& Steering Committee.  The Campus EH&S Steering Committee was developed to serve as an advisory board to make EH&S recommendations, determine compliance with safety regulations, and assess the effectiveness of Campus EH&S policies and programs at a particular Cal Maritime. The committee plays an important role in the overall University EH&S program by involving property employees from different disciplines in safety management.

Committee membership should consist of equal representation of every work force division. The term of service on the committee shall be one (1) year. Membership participation is voluntary. The Department of Safety and Risk Management Designate shall act as the advisor to each Department Safety Committee.

• The EH&S Steering Committee shall meet at a minimum once each academic semester.
• The Training Ship Golden Bear Safety Committee shall meet monthly.
• The Facilities Management Department Safety Committee shall meet quarterly.

Each Committee will keep accurate minutes. These minutes shall be posted in an area that is accessible to all employees.

Representative members of the University Community will review and make recommendations regarding EHS policies and procedures in order to:

• Eliminate adverse conditions which may result in injury or illness,
• Recommend the establishment of programs to develop safety consciousness in the members of the university community, and
• Achieve and maintain a beneficial relationship through continuing communication on issues relating to environmental health and occupational safety.

Department / Program Safety Meetings

Departments and/or programs will schedule regular safety meetings at which safety and health issues are freely and openly discussed by employees of the department.  Meetings should be scheduled at a time when most employees can attend and minutes should be kept to document who was in attendance and what topics were discussed.

Employee Safety Training

The University provides general awareness, authorized, certified, and competent training for employees on an on-going basis. Positions and scopes of work that require a qualified person will be facilitated by other entities.

Departments provide specific training programs for employees either on a periodic basis or prior to assignment on a new job or when work assignments change.

Safety Moments & Topic Guides

The Department of Safety and Risk Management will distribute a weekly EHS topic for campus leadership to include in their Department level meetings.

Posters

The Department of Safety and Risk Management can provide departments with a variety of posters to be used in promoting a safe and healthful workplace and work practices. Posters should be displayed in high visibility areas within each applicable workplace.

Campus Safety Bulletins

Risk Management publishes Campus Safety Bulletins as necessary to keep the campus community informed of changes in regulations or topics of interest related to campus operations.

Material Safety Data Sheets

Formulary know as Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) and now simply (SDS) provide information on the potential hazards of products or chemicals. Hard copies of SDSs for the chemicals used in the department are available to all employees in a convenient location. If an SDS is found to be missing, a new one can be obtained by faxing a written request to the manufacturer. A copy of this request should be kept until the SDS arrives. SDSs are also available over the Internet from a variety of sources. They can be obtained by accessing the SRM web page and clicking on "SDS" quick link. For further information, contact SRM for a fact sheet explaining how to use SDSs. Videos and training on how to read and understand the information presented on an SDS are also available from SRM.

Equipment Operating Manuals

All equipment is to be operated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, as specified in the equipment's operating manual. Copies of operating manuals should be kept with each piece of equipment in the department. Persons who are unfamiliar with the operation of a piece of equipment and its potential hazards must at least read the operating manual before using the equipment. Training should also be sought from an experienced operator or supervisor.

Integrated Safety Management (ISM)

Cal Maritime is committed to having all campus-related work performed safely and in a manner that strives for the highest degree of protection for employees, subcontractors, visitors, the public, and the environment. To achieve these goals, Cal Maritime implements, the principles of safety through an Integrated Campus Safety Management System (ICSMS).

Simply put, ICSMS applies a plan-do-check-act approach to campus safety management. Five core activities represent the plan-do-check-act approach, and comprise the underlying process for any construction work activity. The five core activities are:

1. Define the Scope of Work

2. Analyze the Hazards

3. Develop and Implement Hazard Controls

4. Perform Work Within Controls

5. Provide Feedback and Manage Change

 

The identification and analysis of workplace hazards is part of the pre-work planning process. The goal of this core activity is to ensure that the hazards associated with construction work activities are clearly understood and appropriately managed. All new campus work activities, changes to existing work or introduction of new equipment or processes (which introduce new hazards or increase the hazard level) need to be reviewed to analyze hazards, identify safety standards/requirements, and establish appropriate controls. Safety conditions and requirements need to be formally established and in place before construction work is initiated.

The campus Job Hazards Analysis (JHA) process is the principle method for achieving this.

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment &Determining Control Table (HIRAC)

The EHS Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determining Control Table (HIRAC) process is used to identify, assess and risk-rank Cal Maritime campus-related activities in order to ensure that Cal Maritime Campus Safety programs, activities and work controls are appropriately addressing construction risks. The initial HIRAC assessment and risk-ranking of campus-related activities was conducted during the third quarter, AY 2016-2017. The HIRAC assessment will be reviewed annually, when new campus-related activities are introduced that create or modify assessed risks, and when worksite observations or accident/incident experience identify previously unrecognized or incorrectly categorized risks.

Application of Hierarchy of Controls

In developing hazard controls and preparing the Job Hazard Analysis submittal, the campus shall select means and methods to mitigate worker exposure to workplace hazards using the Hierarchy of Controls as specified in the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z10-2005 Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems.

The campus shall make a good faith effort to analyze each hazard and identify the appropriate control(s) using the following hierarchy:

• Elimination or substitution of the hazards where feasible and appropriate;
• Use of engineering controls where feasible and appropriate;
• Application of work practices and administrative controls that limit worker exposures; and
• Provision and use of personal protective equipment

Job Hazards Analysis (JHA)

For the purposes of this section Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) and Job Safety Analysis (JSA) can be used synonymously.  A JHA/JSA can be incorporated into a Pre Task Plan, provided there is a section for employees to review, comment and sign. 

Core components of the scope of work and relative hazards can be electronically completed ahead of time, provided there is room for current site conditions are able to be readily added as applicable. When the scope or conditions change, the change in work plan should be noted in a different colored pen with employee's initially that they have been briefed on the change.

The Department of Safety and Risk Management will work with individual Departments to develop a master Campus JHA library.

Subcontractors shall submit a Job Hazards Analysis (JHA) for those construction activities meeting the requirements for performing JHA (see below). The JHA shall be reviewed and authorized to proceed by the Cal Maritime Department of Safety and Risk Management before work commences.

Each employee scheduled to work in the activities identified below shall receive safety training in those activities prior to working on them. The subcontractor shall maintain proof of employee training at the work site and make it available to the Cal Maritime Project Manager  and or the Department of Safety and Risk Management upon request (Safety meetings are an acceptable forum to meet this requirement).

Subcontractor shall be responsible for submitting a JHA and work procedures to Cal Maritime Department of Safety and Risk Management for review a minimum of seven days prior to the start of work for most work activities.

JHA Requirements

A JHA shall be written based on the following conditions:

• Jobs with the highest injury or illness rates
• Jobs with the potential to cause severe or disabling injuries or illness, even if there is no history of previous accidents
• Jobs in which one simple human error could lead to a severe accident or injury
• Jobs that are new to your operation or have undergone changes in processes and procedures
• Jobs complex enough to require written instructions.

If not otherwise specified in a particular project specification, the JHA shall be performed in accordance with the OSHA 3071 JHA processes. In general the JHA will include:

• Description of work phase or activity
• Identification of potential hazards associated with the activity
• Address further hazards revealed by supplemental site information (e.g., site characterization data, as-built drawings) provided by the subcontractors construction manager.
• A list of the Subcontractor's planned controls to mitigate the identified hazards
• Identification of specialized training required
• Identification of special permits required
• Name of the Subcontractor's Competent Person(s) responsible for inspecting the activity and ensuring that all proposed safety measures are followed.

Construction activities for which a Job Hazards Analysis may be required include, but are not limited to:

• Hoisting and handling of materials
• Excavations
• Trenching and drilling
• Concrete placement and false work
• Welding
• Steel erection
• Work performed six foot or higher above ground
• Electrical work
• Demolition
• Work in confined spaces
• Work that causes the release of silica such as demolition or drilling of concrete or work with materials that contain silica
• Work with or around hazardous materials
• Work on hilly terrain
• Use and handling of flammable materials

Contractor -Job Specific Safety Plan (JSSP)

The Subcontractor shall prepare a project-specific Job Specific Safety Plan (JSSP) and submit it to the Cal Maritimes Project Manager/Construction Manager, and the Department of Safety and Risk Management for review and acceptance. The purpose of the JSSP is to describe the means and methods for ensuring compliance with Cal Maritime safety requirements and applicable federal, state, and local standards, regulations and ordinances. Construction activities shall not start on any project until the Cal Maritime Project Manager/Construction Manager and the Department of Safety and Risk Management has favorably reviewed and accepted the JSSP. Subsequent revisions shall be submitted to the Cal Maritime Project Manager/Construction Manager and the Department of Safety and Risk Management for review prior to commencement of affected work.

The required Site Specific Safety Plan shall include but not be limited to (see also Job Specific Safety Plan (JSSP):

• Names and Phone Numbers of on-site personnel
• Name and resume for all persons responsible for the implementation of the project JSSP.
• Name and resume for all persons listed by the subcontractor who will be overseeing those tasks in which OSHA requires a Competent Person and/or Qualified Person.
• Identification of when and where Toolbox Safety Talks are to be held.
• Names of personnel on-site having a current First Aid/CPR card.
• Company policy statement on Environment, Safety, and Health.
• Company policy statement on Substance Abuse and Testing Procedures that include both pre-employment and pre-placement to the specific project not to exceed five business days of commencing work.
• Company policy statement on Disciplinary Procedures.
• Company site specific Code of Safe Practices.
• Company site specific Emergency Evacuation Plan.
• Company site specific First Aid Procedures.
• Company site specific Incident Reporting Procedures.
• Company site specific Safety Recognition/Incentive Policy.
• List of activities for which a job hazards analysis (JHA) will be developed.
• Document that all training and certification records for those working on the project will be reviewed and current prior to the start of work, and outline procedures to verify training and certification remains current throughout the length of the project.
• Document how and when Site Specific Safety Inspections will be conducted.

Coordination and Tracking of EH&S Construction Safety Package Reviews

The Department of Safety and Risk Management is responsible for coordination, tracking, quality assurance, and final approval for the EHS review of Cal Maritime's Construction Projects. Cal Maritime's Facilities Management (PM/CMs) receive all required safety documents from the subcontractors and forward them as a package to the SRM. The SRM reviews and signs the package and returns it to Facilities Management to begin construction. Copies of the final safety document package, and review comments are maintained by the SRM for use during construction. When the construction work is completed the safety document package is filed with the Project file.

Engineered Protective Systems

If there is a need for an engineered protective system Department Leadership and or the subcontractor shall submit for review to the Cal Maritime Project Manager, and the Department of Safety and Risk Management, any worker, environment or property protective system required by EHS regulation to be designed by a registered professional engineer. Cal Maritime's review of such system is solely to verify that the subcontractor has had the required protective systems prepared and stamped by a registered professional engineer.

Cal Maritime's review of any documents showing the design or construction of protective systems for worker and property protection shall not relieve the subcontractor of its obligations to comply with applicable laws and standards for the design and construction of such protective work. Subcontractor shall indemnify and hold harmless Cal Maritime and the Architect Engineer from any and all claims, liability, costs, actions, and causes of action arising out of or related to the failure of such protective systems. The subcontractor shall defend Cal Maritime, its officers, employees and agents and the Architect-Engineer in any litigation or proceeding brought with respect to the failure of such protective systems.

The cost of required safety engineering services required for safety and protective systems shall be borne solely by the subcontractor and shall be deemed to have been included in the amount bid for the work as stated in the subcontract.

Worksite Safety Observations& Audits

The Department of Safety and Risk Management (SRM) shall conduct routine observations and audits of campus community to identify and correct unsafe workplace conditions and behaviors. Both "at-risk" and "safe" conditions and behaviors are identified during the observations. These conditions are recorded in a campus safety observation database that is used to track and report trends in campus safety performance. The results of Cal Maritime safety observations and audits are also provided to the President's Cabinet for evaluation of the safety performance.

Determining Classification of At-Risk Observations

Each observation of an at-risk condition or behavior is classified as De-Minimis, Low, Medium, and High and inputted into the construction safety observation database by the observer. Classifications of at-risk observations are based on a risk assessment methodology that utilizes a risk assessment table having a 4x4 matrix of impact and probability.

At-Risk Observation Classification Risk Assessment Table

 

 

 

 

Identifying & Assessing Legal and Other Safety Requirements

The Department of Safety and Risk Management has established procedures for identifying, reviewing, and complying with all environmental health and safety regulations and permit requirements that are applicable to Cal Maritime campus activities. The Campus Community maintains access to, and regularly reviews, the most current applicable regulations through the following:

• SRM Webpage
• SRM Campus bulletins and other communications
• Federal and state OSHA bulletins
• Governmental Websites (Internet)

The Department of Safety and Risk Management (SRM) maintains a listing of regulations that are applicable to Cal Maritime Campus activities in the Section of this document titled: "Codes & Standards." SRM will update this list whenever a new or changed regulatory requirement is identified.

The Department of Safety and Risk Management will stay current on campus related environmental, health, and safety legislation, regulations, and other requirements. This is accomplished by:

• Attendance at government sponsored seminars and workshops.
• Notification from regulatory agencies.
• Attendance at industry sponsored seminars and workshops.
• Subscriptions to construction safety publications and newsletters.
• Review of regulatory agency internet websites.
• Regulations update subscription services.
• Attendance at construction safety association conferences and professional development courses.
• Utilization of consultants and consultation services.
• Utilization of third-party experts such as insurance company representatives, equipment suppliers, customers, and construction industry associations.

When a new or revised regulatory requirement applicable to Cal Maritime safety is identified, the SRM will:

• Update the listing of regulations that are applicable to Cal Maritime campus activities in the Section of this document titled: "Codes & Standards."
• Generate or update campus safety procedures as needed.
• Implement or update employee and subcontractor training requirements as needed.
• New or revised campus safety regulatory requirements will be communicated to affected Cal Maritime personnel and subcontractors by issuing a "Campus Advisory Safety Alert/Regulation Update Notification."
• SRM will also communicate regulatory updates to senior management as part of the Key Initiative review process.

Government Inspectors

In the event that there is an environmental health and safety inspection conducted by a government agency, the following procedures must be followed:

• Notify the Department of Safety and Risk Management immediately
• The Department Manager, SRM and one other designated person will coordinate with the inspector.
• Respectfully verify the identification and authority of the inspector.
• Read any warrant present; determine the nature, scope and purpose of the investigation.
• Inquire with the inspector if he/she will delay the start of the inspection until the SRM arrives (2hours)
• Accompany the inspector at all times.
• Control contact with workers by inspector, access to documents, photographs and physical sample gathering.
• Ask the inspector for a copy of the report.
• DO NOT permit news media to accompany the inspector.
• DO NOT volunteer information or admissions of any kind.
• DO NOT voluntarily produce records or documents of any kind unless clearly identified on the warrant or scope of the inspection.
• DO NOT under any circumstances; forcibly interfere with the inspector or the inspection process

Accident Prevention Signage

General Requirements

Warning, Danger, No Entry, and other signs, correctly posted, help to protect the public and subcontractor employees from incidents.

Proper signs shall be posted and maintained in good condition wherever hazardous conditions exist by the subcontractor. A sufficient supply of the necessary signs shall be kept on hand for replacement and to cover new hazards as they develop. Additional posting requirements to be completed by the subcontractors are found in the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, Construction Standards. Such requirements include but are not limited to posting for lasers, powdered actuated tools, and overhead hazards. (Reference: OSHA 1926.200).

Additional Requirements for Reporting Hazardous Conditions

Workers must be instructed to report to the subcontractor's designated representative hazards not previously identified or evaluated. If immediate corrective action is not possible or the hazard falls outside of project scope, the construction subcontractor must immediately notify affective workers, post appropriate warning signs, implement needed interim controls measures, and notify the Cal Maritime's Construction Manager and the Department of Safety and Risk Management of the action taken. The subcontractor or the designated representative must stop work in the affected area until appropriate protective measures are established.

Harassment/Hostile Working Environment Prevention

Cal Maritime will not tolerate any employees participating and or creating a harassment/hostile work environment.  The CSU- System anti-harassment policy applies to all persons involved in the operation of the University and prohibits unlawful harassment by any employee of the University, including but not limited to, supervisors and coworkers.  This also includes Perception that anyone has any of these characteristics, or is perceived as having any of these characteristics.  Protected categories as defined by State and Federal regulations are; Gender, Race, Color, National Origin, Religion, Age (Over 40), Health & Disability, Pregnancy, Military Service and Sexual Orientation.

Examples of Harassment:

• Verbal Conduct: Epithets. Derogatory jokes or comments. Slurs. Unwanted sexual advances, invitations or comments. Crude or offensive language
• Visual Displays: Derogatory and/or sexually-oriented posters, photographs, drawings, cartoons or gestures
• Physical Conduct" Including assault. Unwanted touching. Intentionally blocking movement or interfering with work. Sabotaging another person's work.
• Threats & Demands: Sexual favors as a condition of continued employment

An Employee cannot be disciplined for reporting harassment this includes perception.

Any and all Supervisors are required to report ALL Harassment complaints and/or concerns immediately. Supervisors are expected to report all information to the Human Resources department for investigation.

Field Trip and Other off Campus Activities

Through adoption of the following statement of policy, Cal Maritime recognizes the beneficial educational purpose of field trips and other off campus activities the necessity for policy and procedures designed to maximize the educational experience, mitigate risk to participants and minimize the university's liability exposure. This policy defines the travel and liability requirements for students participating in Cal Maritime and its auxiliaries sponsored activities for educational, athletics, or campus life.

All students participating in Cal Maritime-affiliated programs which require travel shall be informed in writing that participation in such programs is voluntary and that travel involves risks to personal safety which could result in damage to property, injury or death. Students participating in such travel shall be informed in writing that the Cal Maritime and the CSU assumes no liability for damage, injury, or death occurring on such voluntary travel and those students undertake such travel at their own risk.

As per the EO 1062 Cal Maritime field trip and off campus activity programs must include the following minimum requirements:

• Include a means to identify all courses that involve off-campus field trips.
• Require the use of the approved liability waiver. See Executive Order 1051.
• Ensure student emergency contact information is obtained prior to the field trip. The campus must have emergency contact information readily available.
• Provide students with an instructional agenda, health and safety information, emergency procedures, and the student code of conduct, prior to the field trip.
• Require a pre-trip evaluation. This should include a site visit and the written evaluation should be retained by the qualifying department and available for review. The pre-trip location visit can be bypassed if the campus can demonstrate and document sufficient knowledge of the field trip site. This could be accomplished by review online, published materials, or contacting the site to discuss the visit.
• Include a plan to accommodate students with special needs.
• Provide training for any equipment that may be used on the activity.
• Provide for an alternate assignment for students unwilling to accept the risk of participation.
• Comply with the California State University Use of University and Private Vehicles Policy Guidelines and the California State University student travel policy, where applicable. See Executive Order 1041.
• Administer regular reviews to monitor and document compliance with the field trip policy and update requirements as necessary at regular intervals.

Visitors

Cal Maritime is a public University and free for the general public to move about the general Campus at their own accord. However due to safety and security reasons there are certain areas not open to unescorted visitors. These visitors are to report to their Campus contact office upon entering the Campus.

Requests for tours of the Campus shall be carefully reviewed including the scope, purpose and the size of the group so that to Cal Maritime can establish the time and travel route for any tour. Areas which may present hazards to the tour groups shall be prohibited. The tour's travel route shall be cleared of any tripping hazards, cleaned, and properly protected to avoid potential personal injury. A designated member of the Cal Maritime team shall guide the approved tours.

Conference and Events

Special Events are by their very nature not "routine operations" but are often modified or new processes and procedures used to support a "one time activity". Given that these "special" activities are not routine, the exposure to risk is increased.

Basic values exposed to risk include: personnel, property, liability (responsibility for injury or damage to others), continuity and revenue. Accidents can involve injury or property damage resulting in financial loss, reputational loss, interruption or cancellation of the activity, additional expenses, etc.

The primary responsibility of the individuals "in charge" of a special event include managing the risks of the activities, participants, operations, personnel and property to support the successful outcome

Consistent with the California State University Risk Management Policy as provided in CSU Executive Order 715, and recommendation of the CSU Auditors evidence of special event planning and the assessment and mitigation of risks are to be completed and maintained on file.

Prior to the scheduling, announcement, or contracting for facilities and services, is it recommended that the University Program Manager ensure:

• Review of Special Event Risk Management Guidelines and other resources as appropriate by supervising personnel.
• Completion of a Risk Management Worksheet or similar documentation for the Special Event.
• The Special Event is authorized by appropriate University authority.
• The Special Event is coordinated with the University Scheduling Office and listed in Cal Maritime Events.
• All agreements and/or contracts for equipment, facilities and services are reviewed and executed by University Contract and Procurement Services.

This Accident Incident Management Program describes Cal Maritime's method and practices for reporting and investigating accidents. In the event an incident occurs, regardless of severity, it shall immediately reported to Department Management as well as the Department of Safety and Risk Management.  It is critical to implement controls and restrictions on the accident site to ensure the site remains undisturbed until released by the department of safety and risk management to resume work. This program is intended to demonstrate compliance with OSHA 29 CFR 1904.

Level of Magnitude

• Class L (Low) Non serious, no injury/illness minor first aid
• Class M (Medium) non serious, injury illness treated with first aid kit,   minor strain or sprain that can be managed by home treatment, or minor damage less than $1,000
• Class H (High) any  OSHA defined recordable injury/illness, damage $1,000-$35,000
• Class I (Immediate) any emergency transport, damage greater than $35,000

 Incident Management Reporting Systems

Supervisors shall ensure that the appropriate injury report forms are filed with the University Risk Management Office.  Campus employees who become aware of an injury to a student, visitor-guest, or contractor shall ensure that a report is made to the Department of Safety & Risk Management on a form provided by that office and located on /web/safety/home.

• The written report will be submitted to the Director of Safety and Risk Management within 12-hours of event.
• Capture sufficient data for statistical analysis, correlation studies, trending, and performance measurement (improvement over baseline).
• Provide convenient opportunity for "employee participation," a basic component of a successful safety management system.
• Create an open culture whereby everyone shares and contributes in a responsible manner to their own safety and that of their fellow workers.
• Can be considered to be a leading indicator of performance used in balance with other leading and lagging measures of performance

All injuries sustained on the job by employees, students, guest-visitor or contractor, will be reported to the immediate supervisor of the injured employee and the Director of Safety and Risk Management

Investigation Procedures

Procedures for investigating workplace incidents and hazardous exposures include, but are not limited to:

• Interviewing injured workers and witnesses
• Examining the workplace for factors associated with the accident/exposure
• Determine the cause of the accident/exposure
• Taking corrective action to prevent the accident/exposure from reoccurring
• Recording the findings and actions taken.

Event Management Report: Root Cause Corrective Analysis

An Event Management Report (EMR) will be complete for all incidents with a level of magnitude of medium and above, if there is an increase frequency rate of low magnitude incidents for a particulate situation or department and as applicable as a means of leading/lagging trend management.

• The EMR consists of a standardize template that capture the event basic information who what where when and how, in order to provide a foundation to perform the Root Cause Corrective Analysis (RCCA)
• The RCCA consists of a 5 Whys technique used in the Analyze phase of the Six Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) methodology.
• Action Item (AI) and/ or Action Requests (AR) will be tracked to completion.
• The initial report will be submitted to the President's Cabinet within 24 hours from time of event, with subsequent updates as applicable to the event and investigation root cause corrective analysis.

Near Miss: Injury or Damage free Event

A Near Miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage, but had the potential to do so. Only a fortunate break in the chain of events prevented an injury, fatality or damage; in other words, a miss that was nonetheless very near. A faulty process or management system invariably is the root cause for the increased risk that leads to the near miss and should be the focus of improvement. Other familiar terms for these events are a "close call," a "narrow escape," or in the case of moving objects, "near collision" or a "near hit."

It is the responsibility of the person(s) observing or directly involved in the near miss event, to notify supervision and the department of safety and risk management at the time of event and to immediately complete a Near Miss report. Based on the severity of the near miss event, The Department of Safety and Risk management may open up a more formal comprehensive investigation. The Department of Safety and Risk Management tracks these occurrences with recommendations / implementation of corrective actions.

Note: A Near Miss is not observing or allowing personnel to work unsafely. This is a Policy or Procedure Violation.

It is the responsibility of the observer, to immediately notify their Supervisor and the Director of Safety & Risk Management as well as complete all Near Miss investigation, and to report these occurrences with recommendations / implementation of corrective actions.

The written report will be submitted to the Director of Safety and Risk Management within 8-hours of event.

First Aid Event

Cal-OSHA defines "first aid" as any one-time treatment, and any follow-up visit for the purpose of observation of minor scratches, cuts, burns, splinters, or other minor industrial injury, which do not ordinarily require medical care. This one-time treatment, and follow-up visit for the purpose of observation, is considered first aid even though provided by a physician or registered professional personnel. Labor Code 5401 (a).

Cal Maritime has basic first aid kits located throughout the Campus to provide support to employees, students and visitors. Personnel accessing the first aid kits shall immediately report to their supervisor and the department of safety of risk management that kit resources were utilized.

All minor first aid injuries are to be immediately reported to Department Management as well as the Director of Safety & Risk Management.  The injured person is to complete an incident form.

• The supervisor is to review the completed report and recommend corrective actions in order to prevent future incidents of this type.
• The final written report will be submitted to the Director of Safety and Risk Management within 4 hours of the event.

Medical Treatment Event

If the injury is considered an emergency, immediately contact the Campus Police Department at 9-1-1 directly. The injured person is to complete an incident form as soon as possible.

• The Supervisor may begin the report in lieu of the severity to the injured person. 
• The Supervisor, Department Manager and the Department of Safety and Risk Management will perform a root-cause corrective action report. 
• The initial incident report will be submitted by the Director of Safety and Risk Management to the Campus Executives within 8- hours with subsequent updates as the investigations warrants.
• The Director of Safety and Risk Management will prepare an Event Management Report and submit to the President's Cabinet within 24-hours of the time of event,  with subsequent updates as applicable to the event and investigation root cause corrective analysis.

 

Serious Injury Event

Cal OSHA defines a serious injury as: "Serious injury or illness" means any injury or illness occurring in a place of employment or in connection with any employment which requires inpatient hospitalization for a period in excess of 24 hours for other than medical observation or in which an employee suffers a loss of any member of the body or suffers any serious degree of permanent disfigurement

Work-related serious injury or illness does not include an accident on a public street or highway, or any injury, illness or death caused by committing a Penal Code violation—except for the violation of Penal Code Section 385 on operating heavy equipment adjacent to high voltage wires

• It is the responsibility of the Supervisor or Department Manager to immediately notify the Director of Safety and Risk and the Division Vice President.
• The Division Vice President will notify the Campus President.
  • If the Division Vice President is not available, and Vice President may be notified or proceed with direct communication to the President.
• The Supervisor may begin the report in lieu of the severity to the injured person. 
• The Supervisor, Department Management and the Department of Safety and Risk Management will perform a root-cause / corrective action report. 
• The initial incident report will be submitted by the Director of Safety and Risk Management to the Campus Executives within 12 hours with subsequent updates as the investigations warrants.
• The Director of Safety and Risk Management will prepare an Event Management Report and submit to the President's Cabinet within 24-hours of the time of event,  with subsequent updates as applicable to the event and investigation root cause corrective analysis.
• Refer ALL media inquiries to Cal Maritime Media Affairs Office.

Fatality

It is the responsibility of the supervisor to notify the Cal Maritime emergency operations management who will then notify the appropriate staff. It is the responsibility of the Director of Safety and Risk management to notify Cal/OSHA within 8 hours.

• It is the responsibility of the Department Management to immediately notify the Director of Safety and Risk Management as well as the Division Vice President.
  • The Vice President will notify the Campus President.
• Operations will be stopped and the Emergency Operations Center activated.
  • Crisis Management Team will be established.

• The Supervisor shall begin the report as soon as possible. 
• The Supervisor, Department Management and the Department of Safety and Risk management will perform a root-cause / corrective action report.
• The Director of Safety and Risk Management will notify Cal/OSHA within 8 hours and any other agency as applicable to per regulatory standards.

• The initial report will be submitted by the Director of Safety and Risk Management to the Campus Executives within 12 hours with subsequent updates as the investigations warrants.
• The Director of Safety and Risk Management will prepare an Event Management Report and submit to the President's Cabinet within 24-hours of the time of event,  with subsequent updates as applicable to the event and investigation root cause corrective analysis.
• Refer ALL media inquiries to Cal Maritime Media Affairs Office.

Environmental Spill

Cal Maritime utilizes the Cal OES- California Hazardous Materials Spill / Release Notification Guidance and The Release Reporting Requirements Matrix to determine agency reporting requirements.

All spills to the environmental regardless of severity are to be reported to the Department of Safety and Risk Management. Departments utilizing chemicals and or other hazardous materials are required to have spills kits and clean up materials readily available, to support all on hand quantities.

The Director of Safety and Risk Management will immediately notify Cal/OES and any other agency as applicable to per regulatory standards.

Property Damage

Property damage is defined as damage to or the destruction of public or private property, caused either by a person or by natural phenomena.

Return to Work Program

In order to provide prompt quality medical services and to return injured employees back to work on Campus as soon as possible, each department shall establish a "light duty" or "restricted duty" policy for their employees in the event they are injured on  Campus and cannot perform their normal daily duties. This applies to all employees of Cal Maritime.

Restricted Duty shall be an assignment provided to an employee who, because of a job-related injury or illness, is physically or mentally unable to perform all or any part of his/her normal assignment during all or any part of the normal workday or shift.

Procedures

All work-related injuries must be reported to the Department of Safety and Risk Management immediately. If the employee requires medical attention they will be provided with directions to the designated treating facility if the employee has not pre designated their medical provider. Employee medical treatment is coordinated through the Human Resources Department. 

The policy is to return Cal Maritime employees to work as soon as possible after a job-related injury or illness has occurred. All possible opportunities will be considered to provide Restricted Duty Assignments. Restricted Duty Assignments will also be considered for employees injured off the job whenever possible.

When an injured employee returns to work, all physical and mental limitations must be evaluated so that additional injury or aggravation does not occur. The safety of other employees working with the injured individual must also be considered.

Injured employees may return to work on Restricted Duty under the following circumstances:

• The employee's attending physician has determined the physical restrictions.
• The department has a task that can be assigned that meets the restrictions
• The department management, Supervisors, and SRM are informed of the restrictions.
• The employee must receive full medical release from a physician before resuming normal work activities.
• No employee on Restricted Duty will be allowed to work more than 40 hours per week.

Unsafe or unhealthy work conditions, practices, or procedures shall be corrected in a timely manner based on the severity of the hazards. Hazards shall be corrected according to the follow procedures:

1. When observation or discovered; and
2. When an imminent hazard exists which cannot be immediately abated without endangering employee(s) and/or property, we will remove all exposed workers from the area except those necessary to correct the existing condition. Workers who are required to correct the hazardous condition shall be provided with the necessary protection.

University managers or supervisors shall conduct periodic safety inspections of their facilities, equipment and projects to identify unsafe conditions and work practices. The appropriate University Model Inspection Checklist shall be used to conduct the inspection. SRM will provide assistance and guidance on an as needed basis. Completed inspection records and any corrective actions taken to rectify an unsafe condition(s) shall be maintained by the appropriate manager for a minimum of 3 years.

SRM will conduct audits of all department health and safety activities to ensure compliance with this and other applicable regulatory requirements. The frequency of these audits will be as follows:

• Departments whose employees are engaged in office, clerical, accounting, or similar administrative tasks will be audited annually.
  • Other university departments or offices whose employees engage in industrial type tasks (e.g., construction trades, material handling, laboratory processes, etc.) or a combination of administrative and industrial tasks will be audited semi-annually.
  • Departments are responsible for engaging and correcting SRM audit findings, and providing a written response to SRM regarding those corrections. A time frame for implementing any corrective action(s) shall be included on the response and agreed upon by the department and SRM.
  • Whenever a department adds, deletes or modifies a work task, material/product, piece of equipment or procedure that results in creating new or different exposure hazard(s), all affected employees must receive training specific to that hazard(s). The training must be provided prior to implementing the change and may be delivered by a qualified party determined by the department's manager or supervisor. Documentation of the training must be kept by the department for 30 years from the date of training.

• In addition to the periodic safety and health inspections conducted by each department, SRMIS will conduct specialized inspections. These inspections will typically be conducted as a result of a workplace accident or a request. Upon completion of each inspection, SRM will provide a report, to the department administrator, of the observed deficiencies and recommendations for corrective action(s). The department administrator is responsible for completing the corrective action(s) and returning the Notice of Corrected Violation components to SRM within the allotted time frame.

 

Hazard Correction Abatement Guidelines

Hazards discovered either as a result of a scheduled periodic inspection or during normal operations must be corrected by the supervisor in control of the work area, or by cooperation between the department in control of the work area and the supervisor of the employees working in that area. Supervisors of affected employees are expected to correct unsafe conditions as quickly as possible after discovery of a hazard, based on the severity of the hazard. Specific procedures that can be used to correct hazards include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Tagging unsafe equipment "Do Not Use Until Repaired," and providing a list of alternatives for employees to use until the item is repaired.
• Stopping unsafe work practices and providing retraining on proper procedures before work resumes.
• Reinforcing and explaining the need for proper personal protective equipment and ensuring its availability.
• Barricading areas that have chemical spills or other hazards and reporting the hazardous conditions to a supervisor or Building Coordinator.

Stop Work Authority (SWA)

Stop Work Authority (SWA) is a program designed to provide employees and contract workers with the responsibility and obligation to stop work when a perceived unsafe condition or behavior may result in an unwanted event

Stop Work Authority Roles and Responsibilities

A Stop Work Authoring program has clearly defined the roles and responsibilities.

• Senior Management: Creates a culture that promotes SWA, establishes clear expectations and responsibilities. Demonstrates support for using SWA without the potential for retribution. Resolves SWA conflicts when they arise. Holds employees and contractors accountable for full compliance with the SWA program.

• Supervisors and Managers: Promotes a culture where SWA is freely exercised, SWA requests are honored and resolved before resuming operations. Ensures necessary stop work follow-up is completed.
• SRM Department: Provides training, support, documentation and monitors compliance of the SWA program.
• Company employees and contractors: Initiate stop work (in good faith) and support stop work initiated by others.

Situations that may require a Stop Work Action

Stop Work Authority should be initiated for conditions or behaviors that threaten danger or imminent danger to person(s), equipment or the environment. Situations that warrant a SWA may include, but are not limited to the following:

• Alarms 
• Change in conditions
• Changes to scope of work or work plan
• Emergency situation
• Equipment used improperly
• Lack of knowledge, understanding or information
• Near-miss incident
• Unsafe conditions

Stop Work Authority Process

Stop Work Authority is comprised of a six step process

• Stop
• Notify
• Investigate
• Correct
• Resume
• Follow-up (training on lessons learned etc.)

A key element of a Stop Work Authority Program is a detailed set of written procedures. They will help ensure that every SWA event works consistently and as intended.

Stop

• When an employee or contractor perceives condition(s) or behavior(s) that pose imminent danger to person(s), equipment or environment he or she must immediately initiate a stop work intervention with the person(s) potentially at risk.
• If the supervisor is readily available and the affected person(s), equipment or environment is not in imminent danger, coordinate the stop work action through the supervisor. The stop work action should be clearly identify as a stop work action and initiated in a non-combative manner.

Notify

• Notify affected personnel and supervision of the stop work action. If necessary, stop work activities that are associated with the work area in question. Make the area(s) as safe as possible by removing personnel and stabilizing the situation

Investigate

• Affected personnel will discuss the situation and come to an agreement on the stop work action.

• If all parties come to an agreement the condition or behavior is safe to proceed without modifications, (e.g. the initiator was unaware of certain information or circumstances), the affected persons should show appreciation to the SWA initiator for their concern and then resume work. The SWA is complete at this point and no further steps are needed.
• If it is determined and agreed the SWA is valid, A Stop Work Issuance Form will be completed. The condition(s) or behavior(s) that pose threats or imminent danger to person(s), equipment or the environment must be resolved before restarting work. Work will be suspended until a proper resolution is achieved

Correct

• Modifications to the affected area(s) will be made according to the corrections outlined in the Stop Work Issuance Form. The affected area(s) will then be inspected by qualified experts to verify completeness of the modifications and to verify all safety issues have been properly resolved. The completion of modifications will then be noted on the Stop Work Issuance Form

Resume

• The affected area(s) will be reopened for work by personnel with restart authority. All affected employees and contractors will be notified of what corrective actions were implemented and that work will recommence. 

In the event an employee still believes it is unsafe, they will be assigned to another job with absolutely no retribution.

Follow-Up

• Operations Managers will provide the root cause analysis to the stop work action and identify any potential opportunities for improvement. The Safety Manager will publish the incident details regarding the stop work action to all Operations Managers and employees outlining the issue, corrective action and lessons learned. Management will promptly review all stop work reports in order to identify any additional investigation or required follow-up. 

A stop work order must be given when imminent danger is identified or where significant damage to equipment or property or environmental degradation could occur if the operation continued. When a stop work order is issued, only those areas of a campus immediately involved in the identified hazardous situation are to be included in the order.

Any employee that observes an imminent-danger situation is responsible for stopping the work and reporting it to their supervisor, and/or department management and/or the department of safety and risk management.

Immediately after stopping work, the person issuing the order must report to the Cal Maritime supervisor, of his/her action. The Department Management and the Department of Safety and Risk Management will be dispatched to the site to verify that the operation has stopped and that the stop order was exercised in a justifiable and responsible manner.

Work cannot restart until the Cal Maritime Management has agreed that the imminent danger has been eliminated. Notification to restart work will be passed to by the Cal Maritime Management.

Stop Work Memorandum Safety Deficiency Notice

Following a Stop Work action, a Safety Deficiency Notice will be issued to the subcontractor by Cal Maritime's Director of Safety and Risk Management, it will reference the appropriate OSHA regulation and the subcontractor provision that caused the work stoppage.

Difference of Opinion

Differences of opinion regarding a stop work order between the Cal Maritime Departmental Management and the Department of Safety and Risk Management, or others involved, must be immediately referred to their respective Divisional Vice President for resolution. The recommendations of the Director of Safety and Risk Management shall be followed until a final decision is made which may ultimately come from Cal Maritime's President.

Effective dissemination of safety information lies at the very heart of a successful Injury and Illness Prevention Program.  It is essential to provide training for employees concerning general safe work practices as well as specific instruction with respect to hazards unique to each employee's job assignment.

Training content is determined by the Department of Safety and Risk Management, as well as Department Management which is based upon observed hazards, type of equipment, Department need, and work requirements.

• Providing training from within the department as a part of academic programming, or
• Training provided by CSU-System, or
• Training provided by Cal Maritime SRM, or
• A training provider outside the University.

Note: All outside trainer venders are to be reviewed and content approved by SRM. The Department of Safety and Risk Management, in conjunction with various departments have developed training programs designed to meet general safe work practice requirements.  These programs are elements of larger programs which service broad campus needs.  

Training is to be documented and kept in a readily accessible location by the Department designee for access reference as needed by Department Management, Department of Safety & Risk Management, or regulatory agency (e.g. CalOSHA). Submit the completed training roster of attendees to the Department of Safety & Risk Management.

Refer to Cal/OSHA Safety & Health Training and Instruction Requirements as outlined

Cal Maritime and its subcontractors shall comply with the following requirements.

In case of conflict or overlap of the below references, the most stringent provision shall apply.

• Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), 1904, 1910, 1915,1917,1918,1926
• California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 8, GISO, CSO, ESO
• California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 7, Harbors and Navigation
• California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 13, Air Resource Board
• California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 19, Public Safety
• California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 23, Waters
• California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 27, Environmental Protections
• California Fire Code (CFC)
• National Electrical Safety Code, (NEC)
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
• Maritime Administration (MARAD) participation with other Federal agencies such as the U.S. Coast Guard and the Department of Labor – Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
• Solano County; EHS, OES,